IQELA LE-MER: Intshayelelo emfutshane yoMgaqo wePelletization
Kwizityalo zentsimbi zangoku ezidityanisiweyo, intsimbi ekrwada yepellet isebenza njengowona mthwalo uphezulu-womgangatho ophezulu wokwenza iayini yokuqhushumba. Inkqubo yepelletization yenza intsimbi ecolekileyo yoxinaniso engumgubo ibe phezulu-amandla, aphezulu{3}}inqanaba leepellets ezingqukuva, ukusombulula ingxaki yokuba umgubo ocolekileyo awunakuhlawuliswa ngokuthe ngqo ezikweni. Umgaqo wayo wokusebenza wahlulwe kakhulu ngokwezigaba ezine ezingundoqo: ukubhola, ukomisa kunye nokufudumeza kwangaphambili,{5}}ukuqhotsa ubushushu obuphezulu, kunye nokupholisa kwiimveliso ezigqityiweyo, zenza inkqubo epheleleyo yokuguqulwa komzimba kunye nemichiza.
I. Inqanaba lokuBala: Ukuqulunqwa kweeBhola eziLuhlaza
The balling stage marks the beginning of the pelletization process. The core involves mixing fine iron concentrate powder (with particle size < 0.074mm accounting for >I-80%), izibophelelo (ezifana ne-bentonite) kunye namanzi kwi-disc okanye i-drum pelletizer, apho iibhola eziluhlaza ze-spherical zenziwa ngokusebenzisa i-mechanical rolling kunye ne-capillary forces. Ngokomzimba, phantsi kwesenzo samandla ajikelezayo kunye ne-centrifugal, iinqununu ezigxininisiweyo zibambelela kwaye zikhule umaleko ngomgca kunye nesiseko esihle njengeziko, zenza iibhola eziluhlaza kunye nobubanzi be-8-16mm. Iikhemikhali, izibophelelo kunye namanzi zenza iibhulorho zolwelo phakathi kwamasuntswana, ukuphucula amandla okuqala eebhola eziluhlaza ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zothutho olulandelayo kunye nonyango lobushushu.
II. Ukomisa kunye noKutshisa iNqanaba: Ukuchithwa kwamanzi kunye nokuQinisekisa
Iibhola ezihlaza zingena kwi-grate, apho amanzi akhululekile asuswe kwicandelo lokumisa kwi-200-400℃ukukhusela ukuqhuma kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu, kwaye emva koko ukuqiniswa kwangaphambili kugqitywe kwicandelo lokutshisa kwi-900-1000 degree. Ngeli nqanaba, i-magnetite (i-Fe₃O₄) kwiibhola eziluhlaza i-oxidized kwi-hematite (Fe₂O₃), kwaye i-binder ihlangabezana neempendulo ze-sintering ukuze zenze uxhulumaniso lwe-crystal lokuqala, ukuphucula kakhulu amandla eebhola eziluhlaza kunye nokubeka isiseko sokugcoba okulandelayo.
III. Phezulu-Inqanaba Lokugcada loBubushushu: Ukwakhiwa ngokutsha kweCrystal kunye noKwandiswa kwamandla
Iibhola eziluhlaza ezifakwe ngaphambili zingena kwi-rotary kiln okanye i-grate kiln yokugcoba kwi-1200-1300 degree, eyona nto ingundoqo ekwenzeni iimpawu ze-pellet ore. Amasuntswana e-Hematite aphinda ahlaziye kwaye akhule, enze i-crystal structure exineneyo; ukungcola okufana ne-SiO₂ kunye ne-CaO kwi-concentrate ifom encinci yesigaba se-liquid, egcwalisa i-particle gaps kwaye yenza i-skeleton eqinile edibeneyo emva kokupholisa, ukuqinisekisa amandla abandayo kunye nokuzinza kwe-thermal ye-pellet ore. Okwangoku, iqinisekisa i-oxidation epheleleyo ye-iron oxides, ukuphucula ibakala kunye nokunciphisa i-pellet ore.
IV. Inqanaba lokupholisa: Ukuzinziswa kokuSebenza
Ubushushu obuphezulu-buphezulu bentsimbi ekrwada yepellet (malunga ne-1000–1100℃) bungena kwi-annular cooler, apho umoya obandayo uvuthelwa ukuze uphole ukuya kutsho kwi-100–150 degree. Ukupholisa ngokukhawuleza kuthintela i-crystal coarsening, ukugcina isakhiwo esixineneyo kunye namandla e-pellet ore kunye nokuphepha umonakalo kwizixhobo ezilandelayo. Ubushushu obuphezulu-ngerhasi yenkunkuma kwi-300–400℃eyenziwe ngexesha lokupholisa inokuphinda isetyenziswe kwi-grate ukuze yomiswe kwaye ifudunyezwe iibhola eziluhlaza, ukuqonda ukujikeleza kwamandla kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla.
Ngokulawula ngokuchanekileyo iqondo lobushushu, umoya kunye nexesha lenqanaba ngalinye, inkqubo yepelletization iguqula umgubo wentsimbi esezantsi yodidi olusezantsi{0}olucokisekileyo lube ngumgubo{1}lomgangatho ophezulu wepellet. Ngobukhulu bamasuntswana afanayo kunye nokunciphisa okulungileyo, kunokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-smelting ye-furnace kunye nomgangatho wesinyithi otyhidiweyo, okwenza kube likhonkco eliphambili kwi-iron kunye ne-iron yanamhlanje.
